Addressing Migration in Latvia’s Municipal Development Planning in the Context of Depopulation

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This study examines how migration issues are reflected in the development planning documents of Latvian municipalities, particularly in the context of depopulation. Using both quantitative and qualitative content analysis methods, 76 municipal development documents, approved or amended after 2021, were analysed. The research explored how municipalities recognize and interpret migration trends and whether migration is considered a strategic solution for fostering municipal development. The findings reveal that while most municipalities acknowledge the risks of depopulation and emphasize the importance of human capital in development, this recognition often fails to translate into comprehensive strategies. Municipalities view migration as both a risk (due to emigration) and an opportunity (through attracting residents). However, the focus tends to be competing for existing Latvian residents rather than attracting new ones through immigration. Immigrants, as a potential solution to depopulation, are rarely mentioned in municipal development plans. The study highlights the lack of a systematic approach to migration in these strategic documents. This gap hinders the effective integration of demographic shifts with broader development goals. Additionally, there is a disconnect between the economic development visions outlined by municipalities and the realities of depopulation. Given the latest trends in Latvia’s migration dynamics, the authors conclude that the current approach, which largely avoids directly addressing immigration, may be inadequate. The study calls for more detailed integration strategies at the municipal level, alongside a comprehensive evaluation of migration’s potential to address depopulation challenges.

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